Wright's Bootleg Houses

In the architectural world, a “bootleg” usually implies something forbidden, and in the case of Frank Lloyd Wright, it refers to a set of homes that nearly cost him his career. These structures, designed and built between 1889 and 1893, represent a fascinating period of rebellion and rapid creative evolution while Wright was still under contract with the prestigious firm of Adler & Sullivan.

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The Architecture of Rebellion

The term “bootleg” was coined because Wright designed these residences “on the side” to supplement his income for his growing family in Oak Park. This was a direct violation of his five-year contract with Louis Sullivan, who had even loaned Wright the money to build his own home. When Sullivan discovered these independent commissions—reportedly after seeing the distinctively “Wrightian” facade of the Allison Harlan House—the resulting confrontation led to Wright’s departure from the firm and the birth of his independent practice.

These houses are essential for any Wright enthusiast to view because they reveal the architect in transition. While they often retain some of the Queen Anne or Colonial Revival shapes popular at the time, you can see Wright experimenting with the elements that would soon define the Prairie Style.

Exploring these houses offers a rare glimpse into Wright’s “testing ground”. They are the physical evidence of Wright finding his voice, shedding the influence of his masters, and preparing to reshape the American landscape.